目录
关于全域查找且替换
Word应用样本
SqlServer数据表部分设计样本
范例运行环境
配置Office DCOM
设计实现
组件库引入
实现原理
查找且替换的核心代码
窗格内容
页眉内容
页脚内容
形状内容
小结
关于全域查找且替换
C#全域操作 Word 查找且替换主要包括如下四个对象：
序号对象说明1Word.Appication.Selection窗格对象2Word.Section.Headers[Word.WdHeaderFooterIndex.wdHeaderFooterPrimary].Range页眉对象3Word.Section.Footers[Word.WdHeaderFooterIndex.wdHeaderFooterPrimary].Range页脚对象4Word.Shape.TextFrame.TextRange形状对象
我们需要创建 Word.Find 对象，对上述相关区域分别进行查找替换操作。
Word应用样本
我们假设设计简历模板的输出，并查找且替换对应的关键字，如下图：
其中对应项目的关键字如 {xm}、{xb} 等则为查找且替换的对象，{grzp} 关键字处我们要处理图片的插入。
SqlServer数据表部分设计样本
设计 PersonInfo 数据表如下：
创建脚本如下：
CREATE TABLE [dbo].[PersonInfo](
[id] [uniqueidentifier] ROWGUIDCOL NOT NULL,
[sfzh] [varchar](18) NOT NULL,
[xm] [nvarchar](50) NOT NULL,
[xb] [nvarchar](1) NULL,
[grzp] [image] NULL,
CONSTRAINT [PK_PersonInfo] PRIMARY KEY CLUSTERED
(
[id] ASC
)WITH (PAD_INDEX = OFF, STATISTICS_NORECOMPUTE = OFF, IGNORE_DUP_KEY = OFF, ALLOW_ROW_LOCKS = ON, ALLOW_PAGE_LOCKS = ON) ON [PRIMARY],
CONSTRAINT [IX_PersonInfo] UNIQUE NONCLUSTERED
(
[sfzh] ASC
)WITH (PAD_INDEX = OFF, STATISTICS_NORECOMPUTE = OFF, IGNORE_DUP_KEY = OFF, ALLOW_ROW_LOCKS = ON, ALLOW_PAGE_LOCKS = ON) ON [PRIMARY]
) ON [PRIMARY] TEXTIMAGE_ON [PRIMARY]
GO
ALTER TABLE [dbo].[PersonInfo] ADD CONSTRAINT [DF_PersonInfo_id] DEFAULT (newid()) FOR [id]
GO
通过查询 select sfzh,xm,xb,grzp from PersonInfo where id=xxx 得到DataSet，再取 Tables[0]中的数据。
范例运行环境
操作系统： Windows Server 2019 DataCenter
操作系统上安装 Office Excel 2016
数据库：Microsoft SQL Server 2016
.net版本： .netFramework4.7.1 或以上
开发工具：VS2019 C#
配置Office DCOM
配置方法可参照我的文章《C# 读取Word表格到DataSet》进行处理和配置。
设计实现
组件库引入
实现原理
我们假设查询出表数据，存入对应的变量，其中将二进制字段grzp数据写入到d:\test.jpg生成图片，示例代码如下：
DataTable dt=DataSet.Tables[0];
string sfzh = dt.Rows[0]["sfzh"].ToString();
object bt = dt.Rows[0]["grzp"];
byte[] bFile2 = (byte[])bt;
System.IO.File.WriteAllBytes("@d:\test.jpg", bFile2);
string xm = dt.Rows[0]["xm"].ToString();
string xb = dt.Rows[0]["xb"].ToString();
然后我们将其存到二维字符串数组 _repls 里，如下代码：
string[,] _repls = new string[4, 2];
_repls[0, 0] = "{sfzh}";
_repls[0, 1] = sfzh;
_repls[1, 0] = "{xm}";
_repls[1, 1] = xm;
_repls[2, 0] = "{xb}";
_repls[2, 1] = xb;
_repls[3, 0] = "RepalceFromImageFilename_{grzp}";
_repls[3, 1] = "@d:\test.jpg";
其中第一元素存储要查找的关键字，第二元素存储要替换的值。注意：替换图片使用了自定义的RepalceFromImageFilename_ 前缀关键字，则表示值为对应的文件路径。数据准备完毕后，我们将通过遍历数组对 Word 进行查找且替换操作。
查找且替换的核心代码
窗格内容
示例代码如下：
WordApp.Options.ReplaceSelection = true;
Word.Find fnd = WordApp.Selection.Find;
for(int i=0;i<_repls.GetLength(0);i++)
{
if (_repls[i, 0] == "" || _repls[i, 0] == null)
{
continue;
}
fnd.ClearFormatting();
string ft = _repls[i, 0];
string replaceType = "";
if (ft.IndexOf("RepalceFromImageFilename_") == 0)
{
ft = ft.Replace("RepalceFromImageFilename_", "");
replaceType = "RepalceFromImageFilename";
}else if (ft.IndexOf("RepalceFromImageFilenameNoDelete_") == 0)
{
ft = ft.Replace("RepalceFromImageFilenameNoDelete_", "");
replaceType = "RepalceFromImageFilenameNoDelete";
}
Object findText = ft;
Object matchCase = false;
Object matchWholeWord = Type.Missing;
Object matchWildcards = false;
Object matchSoundsLike = false;
Object matchAllWordForms = false;
Object forward = true;
Object wrap =Word.WdFindWrap.wdFindContinue;
Object format = false;
Object replaceWith ="";
Object replace =Type.Missing;;
Object matchKashida = Type.Missing;
Object matchDiacritics = Type.Missing;
Object matchAlefHamza = Type.Missing;
Object matchControl = Type.Missing;
while(fnd.Execute(ref findText, ref matchCase, ref matchWholeWord,ref matchWildcards, ref matchSoundsLike, ref matchAllWordForms,
ref forward, ref wrap, ref format, ref replaceWith,ref replace, ref matchKashida, ref matchDiacritics,ref matchAlefHamza, ref matchControl))
{
string r_f=WordApp.Selection.Font.Name.ToString();
if (replaceType == "RepalceFromImageFilename" || replaceType == "RepalceFromImageFilenameNoDelete")
{
if (File.Exists(_repls[i, 1].ToString()))
{
WordApp.Selection.Range.Select();
Word.InlineShape pic = WordApp.Selection.InlineShapes.AddPicture(_repls[i, 1].ToString(), false, true, WordApp.Selection.Range);
if (replConfigs != null)
{
string[] cv = replConfigs[ft].Split('|');
pic.Width = int.Parse(cv[0]);
pic.Height = int.Parse(cv[1]);
}
if (replaceType == "RepalceFromImageFilename")
{
File.Delete(_repls[i, 1].ToString());
}
}
}
else
{
WordApp.Selection.Range.Text = _repls[i, 1].ToString();
}
}
}
页眉内容
示例代码如下：
foreach (Word.Section header in WordDoc.Sections)
{
Word.Range headerRange = header.Headers[Word.WdHeaderFooterIndex.wdHeaderFooterPrimary].Range;
Word.Find fnd = headerRange.Find;
for (int i = 0; i < _repls.GetLength(0); i++)
{
if (_repls[i, 0] == "" || _repls[i, 0] == null)
{
continue;
}
fnd.ClearFormatting();
string ft = _repls[i, 0];
string replaceType = "";
if (ft.IndexOf("RepalceFromImageFilename_") == 0)
{
ft = ft.Replace("RepalceFromImageFilename_", "");
replaceType = "RepalceFromImageFilename";
}
else if (ft.IndexOf("RepalceFromImageFilenameNoDelete_") == 0)
{
ft = ft.Replace("RepalceFromImageFilenameNoDelete_", "");
replaceType = "RepalceFromImageFilenameNoDelete";
}
Object findText = ft;
Object matchCase = false;
Object matchWholeWord = Type.Missing;
Object matchWildcards = false;
Object matchSoundsLike = false;
Object matchAllWordForms = false;
Object forward = true;
Object wrap = Word.WdFindWrap.wdFindContinue;
Object format = false;
Object replaceWith = "";
Object replace = Type.Missing; ;
Object matchKashida = Type.Missing;
Object matchDiacritics = Type.Missing;
Object matchAlefHamza = Type.Missing;
Object matchControl = Type.Missing;
while (fnd.Execute(ref findText, ref matchCase, ref matchWholeWord, ref matchWildcards, ref matchSoundsLike, ref matchAllWordForms,
ref forward, ref wrap, ref format, ref replaceWith, ref replace, ref matchKashida, ref matchDiacritics, ref matchAlefHamza, ref matchControl))
{
string r_f = WordApp.Selection.Font.Name.ToString();
if (replaceType == "RepalceFromImageFilename" || replaceType == "RepalceFromImageFilenameNoDelete")
{
if (File.Exists(_repls[i, 1].ToString()))
{
WordApp.Selection.Range.Select();
Word.InlineShape pic = WordApp.Selection.InlineShapes.AddPicture(_repls[i, 1].ToString(), false, true, headerRange);
if (replaceType == "RepalceFromImageFilename")
{
File.Delete(_repls[i, 1].ToString());
}
}
}
else
{
headerRange.Text = _repls[i, 1].ToString();
}
}
}
}
页脚内容
示例代码如下：
foreach (Word.Section footer in WordDoc.Sections)
{
Word.Range footerRange = footer.Footers[Word.WdHeaderFooterIndex.wdHeaderFooterPrimary].Range;
Word.Find fnd = footerRange.Find;
for (int i = 0; i < _repls.GetLength(0); i++)
{
if (_repls[i, 0] == "" || _repls[i, 0] == null)
{
continue;
}
fnd.ClearFormatting();
string ft = _repls[i, 0];
string replaceType = "";
if (ft.IndexOf("RepalceFromImageFilename_") == 0)
{
ft = ft.Replace("RepalceFromImageFilename_", "");
replaceType = "RepalceFromImageFilename";
}
else if (ft.IndexOf("RepalceFromImageFilenameNoDelete_") == 0)
{
ft = ft.Replace("RepalceFromImageFilenameNoDelete_", "");
replaceType = "RepalceFromImageFilenameNoDelete";
}
Object findText = ft;
Object matchCase = false;
Object matchWholeWord = Type.Missing;
Object matchWildcards = false;
Object matchSoundsLike = false;
Object matchAllWordForms = false;
Object forward = true;
Object wrap = Word.WdFindWrap.wdFindContinue;
Object format = false;
Object replaceWith = "";
Object replace = Type.Missing; ;
Object matchKashida = Type.Missing;
Object matchDiacritics = Type.Missing;
Object matchAlefHamza = Type.Missing;
Object matchControl = Type.Missing;
while (fnd.Execute(ref findText, ref matchCase, ref matchWholeWord, ref matchWildcards, ref matchSoundsLike, ref matchAllWordForms,
ref forward, ref wrap, ref format, ref replaceWith, ref replace, ref matchKashida, ref matchDiacritics, ref matchAlefHamza, ref matchControl))
{
string r_f = WordApp.Selection.Font.Name.ToString();
// WordApp.Selection.Font.Name=r_f;
// WordApp.Selection.Range
// WordApp.Selection.TypeText(_repls[i,1].ToString());
if (replaceType == "RepalceFromImageFilename" || replaceType == "RepalceFromImageFilenameNoDelete")
{
if (File.Exists(_repls[i, 1].ToString()))
{
WordApp.Selection.Range.Select();
Word.InlineShape pic = WordApp.Selection.InlineShapes.AddPicture(_repls[i, 1].ToString(), false, true, footerRange);
if (replaceType == "RepalceFromImageFilename")
{
File.Delete(_repls[i, 1].ToString());
}
}
}
else
{
footerRange.Text = _repls[i, 1].ToString();
}
}
}
}
形状内容
示例代码如下：
foreach (Word.Shape shape in WordDoc.Shapes)
{
if (shape.TextFrame.HasText == 0)
{
continue;
}
Word.Find fnd = shape.TextFrame.TextRange.Find;
//Word.Find fnd = WordDoc.Content.Find;
for (int i = 0; i < _repls.GetLength(0); i++)
{
if (_repls[i, 0] == "" || _repls[i, 0] == null)
{
continue;
}
fnd.ClearFormatting();
string ft = _repls[i, 0];
string replaceType = "";
if (ft.IndexOf("RepalceFromImageFilename_") == 0)
{
ft = ft.Replace("RepalceFromImageFilename_", "");
replaceType = "RepalceFromImageFilename";
}
else if (ft.IndexOf("RepalceFromImageFilenameNoDelete_") == 0)
{
ft = ft.Replace("RepalceFromImageFilenameNoDelete_", "");
replaceType = "RepalceFromImageFilenameNoDelete";
}
Object findText = ft;
Object matchCase = false;
Object matchWholeWord = Type.Missing;
Object matchWildcards = false;
Object matchSoundsLike = false;
Object matchAllWordForms = false;
Object forward = true;
Object wrap = Word.WdFindWrap.wdFindContinue;
Object format = false;
Object replaceWith = "";
Object replace = Type.Missing; ;
Object matchKashida = Type.Missing;
Object matchDiacritics = Type.Missing;
Object matchAlefHamza = Type.Missing;
Object matchControl = Type.Missing;
while (fnd.Execute(ref findText, ref matchCase, ref matchWholeWord, ref matchWildcards, ref matchSoundsLike, ref matchAllWordForms,
ref forward, ref wrap, ref format, ref replaceWith, ref replace, ref matchKashida, ref matchDiacritics, ref matchAlefHamza, ref matchControl))
{
string r_f = WordApp.Selection.Font.Name.ToString();
if (replaceType == "RepalceFromImageFilename" || replaceType == "RepalceFromImageFilenameNoDelete")
{
if (File.Exists(_repls[i, 1].ToString()))
{
Word.InlineShape pic = WordApp.Selection.InlineShapes.AddPicture(_repls[i, 1].ToString(), false, true, shape.TextFrame.TextRange);
if (replaceType == "RepalceFromImageFilename")
{
File.Delete(_repls[i, 1].ToString());
}
}
}
else
{
shape.TextFrame.TextRange.Text = _repls[i, 1].ToString();
}
}
}
}
小结
1、示例代码是冗余的写法，在实际应用中我们需要进行优化。
2、添加图片后，代码默认是使用完毕后，删除图片文件以释放空间，我们自定义了 RepalceFromImageFilenameNoDelete_ 前缀关键字，表示使用完毕后不进行文件删除。
3、示例代码中 Word 表示 using Word=Microsoft.Office.Interop.Word; 的引用。
4、示例代码 WordDoc 表示对 Word.Document 的引用。
示例代码我们提供了操作的关键方法，这里仅作参考，其它代码不再做展示，欢迎大家评论指教！
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