.255   mac地址全f， 是广播地址

192.168.1.255         ff-ff-ff-ff-ff-ff     static

 

 192.168.1.1           d4-9e-05-8f-1c-f6     dynamic  网关

 

路由器隔离广播域

In computer networking, a broadcast domain is a logical division of a computer network, in which all nodes can reach each other by broadcast at the data link layer. A broadcast domain can be within the same LAN segment or it can be bridged to other LAN segments.

Router is a device that operates at the network layer of the OSI model. It is used to connect different networks together and route packets between them. By default, routers do not forward broadcast packets between different networks, which means that they can be used to isolate broadcast domains.

To isolate broadcast domains using a router, you can create separate subnets for each broadcast domain and configure the router to route packets between them. This will prevent broadcast traffic from one subnet from being forwarded to another subnet, effectively isolating the broadcast domains.

arp广播报文，会被路由器隔离。

 

如果要起作用，需要添加网关。

192.168.1.1如果去找192.168.2.1，arp报文，会发给网关

电脑会定期发送自己ip和mac的arp广播，可以检测冲突

 

交换机通过mac地址来交换数据，交换机有mac_address_table

，路由器通过ip来交换数据。路由器有路由表，

ICMP (Internet Control Message Protocol) and ARP (Address Resolution Protocol) are both protocols used in networking. ICMP is a protocol used for exchanging error messages and operational information between network devices. It is mainly used to diagnose network connectivity issues by sending and receiving message packets, such as ping requests and replies, that maintain the status of the network.

ARP, on the other hand, is a protocol used to map a network address (such as an IP address) to a physical address (such as a MAC address) on a local network. ARP allows devices on the network to communicate with each other by identifying the hardware address of the destination device. In general, ICMP is used for diagnostic purposes related to network connectivity, while ARP is used for finding the physical address of a device on the network.

 

Cisco Packet Tracer is a powerful network simulation tool that allows users to create, configure, and troubleshoot networks. It is used by networking professionals and students to test and visualize network topologies, protocols, and configurations. Packet Tracer allows the creation of virtual network devices such as routers, switches, and PCs, and users can simulate network traffic and network routing protocols such as OSPF, EIGRP, and BGP. It also allows the visualization of the network traffic by using built-in tools such as the Packet Capture tool. Packet Tracer provides a comprehensive environment for network modeling and allows users to validate the design, configure and test the network before deploying it in the real world.

 

Here are the steps to use Router CLI in Cisco Packet Tracer:

1. Open Cisco Packet Tracer and select the router icon from the device list on the left-hand side.

2. Drag and drop the router into the workspace.

3. Double-click on the router to open the CLI console.

4. Enter the enable command to enter into privileged mode.

5. Enter the configure terminal command to enter the global configuration mode.

6. Use various commands to configure the router, such as setting up interfaces, configuring IP addresses, setting up routes, and much more.

7. Once you have finished configuring the router, use the write command to save the configuration to the startup configuration file.

8. Use the exit command to exit the global configuration mode.

9. Finally, use the show commands to check the status of the router and verify that the configuration has been applied correctly.

Note: The exact CLI commands may vary depending on the specific router model and version of Cisco Packet Tracer being used.

 

mac address本地有效。

 

arp攻击，一个机器对外发送192.168.1.254的mac地址是ab cd

在本地强制绑定192.168.1.254对应的mac地址，static的。这样其他人就不能冒充了。

 

 

 

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