1. 什么是RSA加密算法？
1.1 对称加密和非对称加密
对称加密：对称加密指的就是加密和解密使用同一个秘钥，所以叫做对称加密。对称加密只有一个秘钥，作为私钥。常见的对称加密算法：DES，AES，3DES等等。非对称加密：非对称加密指的是：加密和解密使用不同的秘钥，一把作为公开的公钥，另一把作为私钥。公钥加密的信息，只有私钥才能解密。私钥加密的信息，只有公钥才能解密。常见的非对称加密算法：RSA，ECC
1.2 RSA加密算法
RSA加密算法是一种非对称加密算法，是通过两个密钥（公钥-私钥）来实现对数据的加密和解密的。公钥用于加密，私钥用于解密。
2. scala实现RSA加密
Object Rsa{
/**
* 公钥加密
* 传入参数为需要加密的字符串origStr，返回结果为加密后的字符串和私钥的元组（encodeStr,privateKeyStr）
*/
def rsaEncryPtion(origStr:String):(String,String)={
//生成公钥和私钥
val keyPairGenerator = KeyPairGenerator.getInstance("RSA")
keyPairGenerator.initialize(1024, new SecureRandom())
val keyPair = keyPairGenerator.generateKeyPair()
val privateKey = keyPair.getPrivate
val privateKeyStr = new String(Base64.encode(privateKey.getEncoded))
val publicKey = keyPair.getPublic
val publicKeyStr = new String(Base64.encode(publicKey.getEncoded))
//进行加密处理
val encoded = Base64.decode(publicKeyStr)
val rsaPublicKey = KeyFactory.getInstance("RSA").generatePublic(new X509EncodedKeySpec(encoded))
val cipher = Cipher.getInstance("RSA")
cipher.init(Cipher.ENCRYPT_MODE, rsaPublicKey)
val encodeStr = Base64.encode(cipher.doFinal(origStr.getBytes("UTF-8")))
(encodeStr,privateKeyStr)
}
/**
* 私钥解密
* 传入参数为加密过后的字符串encodeStr、私钥privateStr，返回结果为解密后的数据
*/
def rsaDecryPtion(encodeStr:String,privateKeyStr:String):String={
val bytes = Base64.decode(encodeStr)
val decoded = Base64.decode(privateKey)
val rsaPrivateKey = KeyFactory.getInstance("RSA").generatePrivate(new PKCS8EncodedKeySpec(decoded))
val cipher = Cipher.getInstance("RSA")
cipher.init(Cipher.DECRYPT_MODE, rsaPrivateKey)
val codeStr = new String(cipher.doFinal(bytes))
codeStr
}
def main(args: Array[String]) {
//待加密的数据
val origData = "RSA from korry24"
//加密
val origDecry = rsaEncryPtion(origData)
//加密后的数据
val encodeStr = origDecry._1
//私钥
val privateKeyStr = origDecry._2
//解密
val codeStr = rsaDecryPtion(encodeStr,privateKeyStr)
}
}
3. java实现RSA加密
public class RSACrypt {
private static Map
/**
* 初始化生成公钥和私钥
*
*/
public static void init() throws NoSuchAlgorithmException{
/**
* KeyPairGenerator用于生成公钥和私钥对，基于RSA算法生成对象
*/
KeyPairGenerator keyPairGen = KeyPairGenerator.getInstance("RSA");
/**
* 初始化秘钥对生成器，秘钥大小为1024位
*/
keyPairGen.initialize(1024, new SecureRandom());
/**
* 生成秘钥
*/
KeyPair keyPair = keyPairGen.generateKeyPair();
/**
* 获取私钥
*/
RSAPrivateKey privateKey = (RSAPrivateKey)keyPair.getPrivate();
String privateKeyStr = new String(Base64.encodeBase64(privateKey.getEncoded()));
/**
* 获取公钥
*/
RSAPublicKey publicKey = (RSAPublicKey)keyPair.getPublic();
String publicKeyStr = new String(Base64.encodeBase64(publicKey.getEncoded()));
/**
* 保存公钥，私钥
*/
keyMap.put(0, publicKeyStr); // 公钥
keyMap.put(1, privateKeyStr);// 私钥
}
/**
* 公钥加密
* @throws NoSuchAlgorithmException
* @throws InvalidKeySpecException
* @throws Exception
*/
public static String rsaEncrypt(String content, String publicKey) throws InvalidKeySpecException, NoSuchAlgorithmException, Exception{
//base64编码的公钥
byte[] encoded = Base64.decodeBase64(publicKey);
RSAPublicKey rsaPublicKey = (RSAPublicKey)KeyFactory.getInstance("RSA").generatePublic(new X509EncodedKeySpec(encoded));
// RSA加密
Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance("RSA");
cipher.init(Cipher.ENCRYPT_MODE, rsaPublicKey);
String outPublicKey = Base64.encodeBase64String(cipher.doFinal(content.getBytes("UTF-8")));
return outPublicKey;
}
/**
* 私钥解密
* @throws UnsupportedEncodingException
* @throws NoSuchAlgorithmException
* @throws InvalidKeySpecException
* @throws NoSuchPaddingException
* @throws InvalidKeyException
* @throws BadPaddingException
* @throws IllegalBlockSizeException
* @throws Exception
*/
public static String rsaDecrypt(String content, String privateKey) throws UnsupportedEncodingException, InvalidKeySpecException, NoSuchAlgorithmException, NoSuchPaddingException, InvalidKeyException, IllegalBlockSizeException, BadPaddingException{
//base64位解码加密后的字符串
byte[] inputByte = Base64.decodeBase64(content.getBytes("UTF-8"));
//base64编码的私钥
byte[] decoded = Base64.decodeBase64(privateKey);
RSAPrivateKey rsaPrivateKey = (RSAPrivateKey)KeyFactory.getInstance("RSA").generatePrivate(new PKCS8EncodedKeySpec(decoded));
//RSA解密
Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance("RSA");
cipher.init(Cipher.DECRYPT_MODE, rsaPrivateKey);
String outPrivateKey = new String(cipher.doFinal(inputByte));
return outPrivateKey;
}
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
/**
* 初始化生成公钥，私钥
*/
init();
/**
* 加密数据
*/
String message = "abc123";
System.out.println("随机生成的公钥为：" + keyMap.get(0));
System.out.println("随机生成的私钥为：" + keyMap.get(1));
System.out.println("加密前的数据：" + message);
String messageEncrypt = rsaEncrypt(message, keyMap.get(0));
System.out.println("加密后的数据：" + messageEncrypt);
//String mid = "MIIc" + keyMap.get(1).substring(4, keyMap.get(1).length());
//System.out.println("随机生成的私钥为：" + mid);
String messageDecrypt = rsaDecrypt(messageEncrypt, keyMap.get(1));
System.out.println("解密后的数据：" + messageDecrypt);
}
}
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