1.准备
1.准备服务
与微信对接的url要具备以下条件:
(1)在公网上能够访问
(2)端口只支持80端口
在这里如果是公网能够访问的服务最好，也可以通过花生壳或者其他外网映射工具进行映射，比如ngrok。
2.数据交互原理
开发模式与编辑模式是互斥的，打开开发模式的时候，编辑模式的自动回复与自定义菜单失效；打开编辑模式的自动回复或者自定义菜单的时候开发模式会失效。
开发模式的数据交互原理如下:
我们需要开发的任务就是维信公众号服务器，包括业务逻辑、身份验证等操作。
2.接入后台
参考公众号开发文档： 开发->开发者工具-》开发者文档，里面有类似于对接钉钉的文档，有接入指南以及其他接口文档。
https://developers.weixin.qq.com/doc/offiaccount/Getting_Started/Overview.html
1. 第一步：填写服务器配置
到公众号后台： https://mp.weixin.qq.com/
2 第二步：验证消息的确来自微信服务器(在自己的微信服务器进行验证)
开发者提交信息后，微信服务器将发送GET请求到填写的服务器地址URL上，GET请求携带参数如下表所示：
开发者通过检验signature对请求进行校验（下面有校验方式）。若确认此次GET请求来自微信服务器，请原样返回echostr参数内容，则接入生效，成为开发者成功，否则接入失败。加密/校验流程如下：
1）将token、timestamp、nonce三个参数进行字典序排序 2）将三个参数字符串拼接成一个字符串进行sha1加密 3）开发者获得加密后的字符串可与signature对比，标识该请求来源于微信
SpringMVC接收代码如下:
package cn.qlq.controller.weixin;
import org.apache.commons.lang3.StringUtils;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestParam;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody;
import cn.qlq.controller.UserController;
import cn.qlq.utils.weixin.WeixinCheckUtils;
@Controller
@RequestMapping("weixin")
public class WeixinController {
private static final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(UserController.class);
@ResponseBody
@RequestMapping("index")
public String index(@RequestParam(required = false) String signature,
@RequestParam(required = false) String timestamp, @RequestParam(required = false) String nonce,
@RequestParam(required = false) String echostr) {
logger.debug("signature: {}, timestamp: {}, nonce: {}, echostr: {}", signature, timestamp, nonce, echostr);
if (StringUtils.isNoneBlank(signature, timestamp, nonce)
&& WeixinCheckUtils.checkSignature(signature, timestamp, nonce)) {
return echostr;
}
return "error";
}
}
验证工具如下:
package cn.qlq.utils.weixin;
import java.security.MessageDigest;
import java.util.Arrays;
public class WeixinCheckUtils {
// token，与微信公众号后台的一致
private static final String token = "devqiaolq";
public static boolean checkSignature(String signature, String timestamp, String nonce) {
String[] arr = new String[] { token, timestamp, nonce };
// 排序
Arrays.sort(arr);
// 生成字符串
StringBuffer content = new StringBuffer();
for (int i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) {
content.append(arr[i]);
}
// sha1加密
String temp = getSha1(content.toString());
return temp.equals(signature);
}
public static String getSha1(String str) {
if (str == null || str.length() == 0) {
return null;
}
char hexDigits[] = { '0', '1', '2', '3', '4', '5', '6', '7', '8', '9', 'a', 'b', 'c', 'd', 'e', 'f' };
try {
MessageDigest mdTemp = MessageDigest.getInstance("SHA1");
mdTemp.update(str.getBytes("UTF-8"));
byte[] md = mdTemp.digest();
int j = md.length;
char buf[] = new char[j * 2];
int k = 0;
for (int i = 0; i < j; i++) {
byte byte0 = md[i];
buf[k++] = hexDigits[byte0 >>> 4 & 0xf];
buf[k++] = hexDigits[byte0 & 0xf];
}
return new String(buf);
} catch (Exception e) {
return null;
}
}
}
注意:如果有登录过滤器，记得在过滤器中放行微信请求.
3. 第三步：依据接口文档实现业务逻辑
1. 首先需要启用开发者模式:(启用开发者模式之后自己的自定义菜单就不会生效)
2. 接收与响应文字消息
当普通微信用户向公众账号发消息时，微信服务器将POST消息的XML数据包到开发者填写的URL上。
文本消息的xml数据格式如下:
参数解释:
参数描述
ToUserName
开发者微信号
FromUserName
发送方帐号（一个OpenID）
CreateTime
消息创建时间 （整型）
MsgType
消息类型，文本为text
Content
文本消息内容
MsgId
消息id，64位整型
(1)建立后台对应的TextMessage实体类:
package cn.qlq.bean.weixin;
public class TextMessage {
/**
* 开发者微信号
*/
private String ToUserName;
/**
* 发送方帐号（一个OpenID）
*/
private String FromUserName;
/**
* 消息创建时间 （整型）
*/
private long CreateTime;
/**
* text
*/
private String MsgType;
/**
* 文本消息内容
*/
private String Content;
/**
* 消息id，64位整型
*/
private String MsgId;
@Override
public String toString() {
return "TextMessage{" + "ToUserName='" + ToUserName + '\'' + ", FromUserName='" + FromUserName + '\''
+ ", CreateTime=" + CreateTime + ", MsgType='" + MsgType + '\'' + ", Content='" + Content + '\''
+ ", MsgId='" + MsgId + '\'' + '}';
}
public String getToUserName() {
return ToUserName;
}
public void setToUserName(String toUserName) {
ToUserName = toUserName;
}
public String getFromUserName() {
return FromUserName;
}
public void setFromUserName(String fromUserName) {
FromUserName = fromUserName;
}
public long getCreateTime() {
return CreateTime;
}
public void setCreateTime(long createTime) {
CreateTime = createTime;
}
public String getMsgType() {
return MsgType;
}
public void setMsgType(String msgType) {
MsgType = msgType;
}
public String getContent() {
return Content;
}
public void setContent(String content) {
Content = content;
}
public String getMsgId() {
return MsgId;
}
public void setMsgId(String msgId) {
MsgId = msgId;
}
}
(2)编写工具类实现xml(接收的是xml格式的数据)转map和TextMessage对象转换成xml(响应数据格式为xml)
pom加入:
工具类:
package cn.qlq.utils.weixin;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import org.dom4j.Document;
import org.dom4j.DocumentException;
import org.dom4j.Element;
import org.dom4j.io.SAXReader;
import com.thoughtworks.xstream.XStream;
import cn.qlq.bean.weixin.TextMessage;
public class MessageUtils {
/**
* xml数据转map
*
* @param request
* @return
* @throws IOException
* @throws DocumentException
*/
public static Map
Map
SAXReader reader = new SAXReader();
InputStream inputStream = request.getInputStream();
Document document = reader.read(inputStream);
Element root = document.getRootElement();
List
for (Element element : list) {
map.put(element.getName(), element.getText());
}
inputStream.close();
return map;
}
/**
* 将文本消息对象转换成xml
*
* @param textMessage
* @return
*/
public static String textMessageToXml(TextMessage textMessage) {
XStream xStream = new XStream();
// 将xml的根元素替换成xml
xStream.alias("xml", textMessage.getClass());
return xStream.toXML(textMessage);
}
}
(3)重写Controller接收消息和响应消息
package cn.qlq.controller.weixin;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.Map;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import org.apache.commons.lang3.StringUtils;
import org.dom4j.DocumentException;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;
import cn.qlq.bean.weixin.TextMessage;
import cn.qlq.controller.UserController;
import cn.qlq.utils.weixin.MessageUtils;
import cn.qlq.utils.weixin.WeixinCheckUtils;
@Controller
@RequestMapping("weixin")
public class WeixinController {
private static final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(UserController.class);
@RequestMapping(value = "index", method = { RequestMethod.GET, RequestMethod.POST })
public void index(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws IOException {
// 将请求、响应的编码均设置为UTF-8（防止中文乱码）
request.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8"); // 微信服务器POST消息时用的是UTF-8编码，在接收时也要用同样的编码，否则中文会乱码；
response.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8"); // 在响应消息（回复消息给用户）时，也将编码方式设置为UTF-8，原理同上；
String method = request.getMethod().toLowerCase();
logger.info("method: {}", method);
// 验证是否是微信请求
if ("get".equals(method)) {
doGet(request, response);
return;
}
// POST请求接收消息，且给客户响应消息
doPost(request, response);
}
/**
* Post请求用于接收消息且处理消息之后回传消息
*
* @param request
* @param response
* @throws IOException
*/
private void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws IOException {
PrintWriter out = response.getWriter();
try {
Map
String fromUserName = map.get("FromUserName");
String toUserName = map.get("ToUserName");
String msgType = map.get("MsgType");
String content = map.get("Content");
logger.info("map: {}", map);
if (StringUtils.isNotBlank(content)) {
System.out.println("接收的的消息为:" + content + ",你可以根据关键字进行搜索或者做其他");
}
String message = null;
if ("text".equals(msgType)) {
TextMessage textMessage = new TextMessage();
// 回传消息，所以讲fromuser和toUser交换
textMessage.setFromUserName(toUserName);
textMessage.setToUserName(fromUserName);
textMessage.setMsgType(msgType);
textMessage.setCreateTime(new Date().getTime());
textMessage.setContent("您发送的消息为: " + content);
logger.info("textMessage: {}", textMessage);
message = MessageUtils.textMessageToXml(textMessage);
}
out.print(message);// 把消息发送到客户端
} catch (DocumentException e) {
logger.error("dispose post request error", e);
} finally {
out.close();
}
}
/**
* Get请求用于微信配置验证
*
* @param request
* @param response
* @throws IOException
*/
private void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws IOException {
String signature = request.getParameter("signature");// 微信加密签名
String timestamp = request.getParameter("timestamp");// 时间戳
String nonce = request.getParameter("nonce");// 随机数
String echostr = request.getParameter("echostr");// 随机字符串
logger.info("signature: {}, timestamp: {}, nonce: {}, echostr: {}", signature, timestamp, nonce, echostr);
if (StringUtils.isNoneBlank(signature, timestamp, nonce)
&& WeixinCheckUtils.checkSignature(signature, timestamp, nonce)) {
response.getWriter().write(echostr);
}
}
}
测试:
Java服务器日志如下:
2019-10-23 23:34:15.625 INFO 244500 --- [nio-8088-exec-9] cn.qlq.controller.UserController : method: post2019-10-23 23:34:15.633 INFO 244500 --- [nio-8088-exec-9] cn.qlq.controller.UserController : map: {MsgId=22503405793257008, FromUserName=o_qAo0u6Snhoc7Z45RfSxYatMWpo, CreateTime=1571844638, Content=怎么了, ToUserName=gh_fc4bd5c2fda8, MsgType=text}接收的的消息为:怎么了,你可以根据关键字进行搜索或者做其他2019-10-23 23:34:15.635 INFO 244500 --- [nio-8088-exec-9] cn.qlq.controller.UserController : textMessage: TextMessage{ToUserName='o_qAo0u6Snhoc7Z45RfSxYatMWpo', FromUserName='gh_fc4bd5c2fda8', CreateTime=1571844855635, MsgType='text', Content='您发送的消息为: 怎么了', MsgId='null'}2019-10-23 23:34:20.288 INFO 244500 --- [nio-8088-exec-3] cn.qlq.controller.UserController : method: post2019-10-23 23:34:20.295 INFO 244500 --- [nio-8088-exec-3] cn.qlq.controller.UserController : map: {MsgId=22503406289173072, FromUserName=o_qAo0u6Snhoc7Z45RfSxYatMWpo, CreateTime=1571844642, Content=什么意思, ToUserName=gh_fc4bd5c2fda8, MsgType=text}接收的的消息为:什么意思,你可以根据关键字进行搜索或者做其他2019-10-23 23:34:20.296 INFO 244500 --- [nio-8088-exec-3] cn.qlq.controller.UserController : textMessage: TextMessage{ToUserName='o_qAo0u6Snhoc7Z45RfSxYatMWpo', FromUserName='gh_fc4bd5c2fda8', CreateTime=1571844860296, MsgType='text', Content='您发送的消息为: 什么意思', MsgId='null'}
4. 接收其他类型的消息以及返回文本消息、图文消息
公众号可以接受的消息大概有文本消息(在上面已经接收)、图片(image)消息、语音(voice，在后台接口开启语音识别可以自动识别文字)消息、视频(video)消息、短视频(shortvideo)消息、地理位置(location)消息、链接(link)消息、事件(event，事件类型:subscribe(订阅)、unsubscribe(取消订阅))消息。
公众号可以回复的消息有: 文本(text)消息、图片消息(image)、语音消息(voice)、视频消息(video)、音乐消息(music)、图文(news)消息。
注意:这里需要注意接收的消息和发送的消息数据数据格式不一样。如下是回复的图片消息和图文消息的数据格式:
回传图片消息数据格式:
回传图文消息数据格式:
自己封装的controller接收数据和消息处理的工具类如下:
package cn.qlq.controller.weixin;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
import java.util.Map;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import org.apache.commons.lang3.StringUtils;
import org.dom4j.DocumentException;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;
import cn.qlq.bean.weixin.response.AbstractResponseMessage;
import cn.qlq.controller.UserController;
import cn.qlq.utils.weixin.MessageHandler;
import cn.qlq.utils.weixin.MessageUtils;
import cn.qlq.utils.weixin.WeixinCheckUtils;
@Controller
@RequestMapping("weixin")
public class WeixinController {
private static final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(UserController.class);
@RequestMapping(value = "index", method = { RequestMethod.GET, RequestMethod.POST })
public void index(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws IOException {
// 将请求、响应的编码均设置为UTF-8（防止中文乱码）
request.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8"); // 微信服务器POST消息时用的是UTF-8编码，在接收时也要用同样的编码，否则中文会乱码；
response.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8"); // 在响应消息（回复消息给用户）时，也将编码方式设置为UTF-8，原理同上；
String method = request.getMethod().toLowerCase();
logger.info("method: {}", method);
// 验证是否是微信请求
if ("get".equals(method)) {
doGet(request, response);
return;
}
// POST请求接收消息，且给客户响应消息
doPost(request, response);
}
/**
* Post请求用于接收消息且处理消息之后回传消息
*
* @param request
* @param response
* @throws IOException
*/
private void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws IOException {
PrintWriter out = response.getWriter();
try {
// 消息转map
Map
logger.info("接收到的消息map: {}", map);
// 调用工具类处理完之后显示回传消息
AbstractResponseMessage responseMessage = MessageHandler.handlMessage(map);
logger.info("回传的消息responseMessage: {}", responseMessage);
if (responseMessage == null) {
return;
}
String messageToXml = MessageUtils.messageToXml(responseMessage);
logger.info("回传的消息responseMessage messageToXml: {}", messageToXml);
out.print(messageToXml);// 把消息发送到客户端
} catch (DocumentException e) {
logger.error("dispose post request error", e);
} finally {
out.close();
}
}
/**
* Get请求用于微信配置验证
*
* @param request
* @param response
* @throws IOException
*/
private void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws IOException {
String signature = request.getParameter("signature");// 微信加密签名
String timestamp = request.getParameter("timestamp");// 时间戳
String nonce = request.getParameter("nonce");// 随机数
String echostr = request.getParameter("echostr");// 随机字符串
logger.info("signature: {}, timestamp: {}, nonce: {}, echostr: {}", signature, timestamp, nonce, echostr);
if (StringUtils.isNoneBlank(signature, timestamp, nonce)
&& WeixinCheckUtils.checkSignature(signature, timestamp, nonce)) {
response.getWriter().write(echostr);
}
}
}
package cn.qlq.utils.weixin;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.Map;
import org.apache.commons.collections.MapUtils;
import org.apache.commons.lang3.StringUtils;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import cn.qlq.bean.weixin.EventMessage;
import cn.qlq.bean.weixin.ImageMessage;
import cn.qlq.bean.weixin.LinkMessage;
import cn.qlq.bean.weixin.LocationMessage;
import cn.qlq.bean.weixin.TextMessage;
import cn.qlq.bean.weixin.VideoMessage;
import cn.qlq.bean.weixin.VoiceMessage;
import cn.qlq.bean.weixin.response.AbstractResponseMessage;
import cn.qlq.bean.weixin.response.ImageResponseMessage;
import cn.qlq.bean.weixin.response.NewsResponseMessage;
import cn.qlq.bean.weixin.response.NewsResponseMessageArticle;
import cn.qlq.bean.weixin.response.NewsResponseMessageArticleItem;
import cn.qlq.bean.weixin.response.TextResponseMessage;
import cn.qlq.utils.BeanUtils;
public class MessageHandler {
public static final String MESSAGE_TEXT = "text";
public static final String MESSAGE_IMAGE = "image";
public static final String MESSAGE_VOICE = "voice";
public static final String MESSAGE_VIDEO = "video";
public static final String MESSAGE_LINK = "link";
public static final String MESSAGE_LOCATION = "location";
public static final String MESSAGE_EVENT = "event";// 事件
public static final String MESSAGE_SUBSCRIBE = "subscribe";// 关注
public static final String MESSAGE_UNSUBSCRIBE = "unsubscribe";// 取消关注
public static final String MESSAGE_CLICK = "CLICK";
public static final String MESSAGE_VIEW = "VIEW";
private static final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(MessageHandler.class);
public static AbstractResponseMessage handlMessage(Map
if (MapUtils.isEmpty(messageMap)) {
logger.error("message is empty");
return null;
}
String msgType = (String) messageMap.get("MsgType");
if (MESSAGE_TEXT.equals(msgType)) {
return handleTextMessage(messageMap);
} else if (MESSAGE_IMAGE.equals(msgType)) {
return handleImageMessage(messageMap);
} else if (MESSAGE_LOCATION.equals(msgType)) {
return handleLocationMessage(messageMap);
} else if (MESSAGE_EVENT.equals(msgType)) {
return handleEventMessage(messageMap);
} else if (MESSAGE_LINK.equals(msgType)) {
return handleLinkMessage(messageMap);
} else if (MESSAGE_VOICE.equals(msgType)) {
return handleVoiceMessage(messageMap);
} else if (MESSAGE_VIDEO.equals(msgType)) {
return handleVideoMessage(messageMap);
}
return null;
}
private static AbstractResponseMessage handleVideoMessage(Map
VideoMessage message = BeanUtils.map2Bean(messageMap, VideoMessage.class, true);
String thumbMediaId = message.getThumbMediaId();
// 可以用图片路径做其他操作
if (StringUtils.isNotBlank(thumbMediaId)) {
System.out.println("您接收到视频消息, thumbMediaId为: " + thumbMediaId);
}
String responseMsg = "您发送了一条视频消息，thumbMediaId为: " + thumbMediaId;
return MessageUtils.initTextMessage(message.getToUserName(), message.getFromUserName(), responseMsg);
}
private static AbstractResponseMessage handleVoiceMessage(Map
VoiceMessage message = BeanUtils.map2Bean(messageMap, VoiceMessage.class, true);
String recognition = message.getRecognition();
String format = message.getFormat();
// 可以用图片路径做其他操作
if (StringUtils.isNotBlank(recognition)) {
System.out.println("您接收到语音消息， 格式为: " + format + ", 转换后的文字为: " + recognition);
}
String responseMsg = "您发送了一条语音消息，格式为: " + format + ", 转换后的文字为: " + recognition;
return MessageUtils.initTextMessage(message.getToUserName(), message.getFromUserName(), responseMsg);
}
/**
* 处理链接消息(回复一条图文消息)
*
* @param message
* @return
*/
private static AbstractResponseMessage handleLinkMessage(Map
LinkMessage message = BeanUtils.map2Bean(messageMap, LinkMessage.class, true);
String desc = message.getDescription();
String title = message.getTitle();
String url = message.getUrl();
// 可以用图片路径做其他操作
if (StringUtils.isNotBlank(url)) {
System.out.println("您接收到链接消息， title: " + title + ", desc: " + desc + ", url: " + url);
}
// 回复一条图文消息
NewsResponseMessage news = new NewsResponseMessage();
news.setCreateTime(System.currentTimeMillis());
news.setFromUserName(message.getToUserName());
news.setToUserName(message.getFromUserName());
news.setArticleCount("1");
news.setMsgType("news");
NewsResponseMessageArticle article = new NewsResponseMessageArticle();
news.setArticles(article);
// 创建多条图文消息
for (int i = 0; i < 1; i++) {
NewsResponseMessageArticleItem item = new NewsResponseMessageArticleItem();
item.setTitle("18年写的面试心得");
item.setPicUrl("https://images.cnblogs.com/cnblogs_com/qlqwjy/1031659/o_9.bmp");
item.setUrl("https://www.cnblogs.com/qlqwjy/p/9194434.html");
item.setDescription("18年毕设心血来潮写的毕设心得，1年后再看有点东西。");
article.addNewsResponseMessageArticleItem(item);
}
return news;
}
/**
* 处理事件消息(订阅和取消订阅)
*
* @param messageMap
* @return
*/
private static AbstractResponseMessage handleEventMessage(Map
EventMessage message = BeanUtils.map2Bean(messageMap, EventMessage.class, true);
String event = message.getEvent();
if (StringUtils.isNotBlank(event)) {
System.out.println("您接收到事件消息， 事件类型为: " + event);
}
if (MESSAGE_SUBSCRIBE.equals(event)) {
// 关注的时候
System.out.println("这里可以向数据库插入数据");
String responseMsg = MessageUtils.subscribeWelcomeText();
return MessageUtils.initTextMessage(message.getToUserName(), message.getFromUserName(), responseMsg);
} else {
// 取消关注(不用回传消息.需要将用户产生的数据删除)
System.out.println("这时需要从数据删除 " + message.getFromUserName() + " 用户产生的相关数据");
return null;
}
}
private static AbstractResponseMessage handleLocationMessage(Map
LocationMessage message = BeanUtils.map2Bean(messageMap, LocationMessage.class, true);
String label = message.getLabel();
if (StringUtils.isNotBlank(label)) {
System.out.println("您接收到位置消息， 地理位置信息为: " + message);
}
String responseMsg = "您发送了一条位置消息， 您的地理位置信息为:" + label;
return MessageUtils.initTextMessage(message.getToUserName(), message.getFromUserName(), responseMsg);
}
/**
* 处理图片消息(回复一条图片消息)
*
* @param message
* @return
*/
private static AbstractResponseMessage handleImageMessage(Map
ImageMessage imageMessage = BeanUtils.map2Bean(message, ImageMessage.class, true);
String url = imageMessage.getPicUrl();
// 可以用图片路径做其他操作
if (StringUtils.isNotBlank(url)) {
System.out.println("您接收到的图片消息url为: " + url);
}
// 回传一条图片消息
ImageResponseMessage responseMessage = new ImageResponseMessage();
responseMessage.setCreateTime(System.currentTimeMillis());
responseMessage.setFromUserName(imageMessage.getToUserName());
responseMessage.setToUserName(imageMessage.getFromUserName());
responseMessage.setMediaId(imageMessage.getMediaId());
responseMessage.setMsgType(MESSAGE_IMAGE);
return responseMessage;
}
/**
* 处理文本消息
*
* @param message
* @return
*/
private static AbstractResponseMessage handleTextMessage(Map
TextMessage textMessage = BeanUtils.map2Bean(message, TextMessage.class, true);
String content = textMessage.getContent();
// 可以根据文本消息去查库或者进行其他操作
if (StringUtils.isNotBlank(content)) {
System.out.println("您接收到的文本消息内容为: " + content);
}
// 设置回传的消息内容
TextResponseMessage responseMessage = new TextResponseMessage();
responseMessage.setContent("服务器已接收到您的消息，内容为: " + content);
responseMessage.setCreateTime(new Date().getTime());
responseMessage.setFromUserName(textMessage.getToUserName());
responseMessage.setToUserName(textMessage.getFromUserName());
responseMessage.setMsgType(MESSAGE_TEXT);
return responseMessage;
}
}
package cn.qlq.utils.weixin;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import org.dom4j.Document;
import org.dom4j.DocumentException;
import org.dom4j.Element;
import org.dom4j.io.SAXReader;
import com.thoughtworks.xstream.XStream;
import cn.qlq.bean.weixin.response.AbstractResponseMessage;
import cn.qlq.bean.weixin.response.TextResponseMessage;
public class MessageUtils {
/**
* xml数据转map
*
* @param request
* @return
* @throws IOException
* @throws DocumentException
*/
public static Map
Map
SAXReader reader = new SAXReader();
InputStream inputStream = request.getInputStream();
Document document = reader.read(inputStream);
Element root = document.getRootElement();
List
for (Element element : list) {
map.put(element.getName(), element.getText());
}
inputStream.close();
return map;
}
/**
* 将文本消息对象转换成xml
*
* @param message
* @return
*/
public static String messageToXml(AbstractResponseMessage message) {
XStream xStream = new XStream();
// 将xml的根元素替换成xml
xStream.alias("xml", message.getClass());
xStream.alias("item", cn.qlq.bean.weixin.response.NewsResponseMessageArticleItem.class);
xStream.addImplicitArray(cn.qlq.bean.weixin.response.NewsResponseMessageArticle.class, "items");
return xStream.toXML(message);
}
/**
* 将文本消息对象转换成xml
*
* @param message
* @return
*/
public static String messageToXml2(AbstractResponseMessage message) {
XStream xStream = new XStream();
// 将xml的根元素替换成xml
xStream.alias("xml", message.getClass());
return xStream.toXML(message);
}
/**
* 订阅后的欢迎信息
*
* @return
*/
public static String subscribeWelcomeText() {
StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer();
sb.append("欢迎您的关注，这里是乔治个人平台：\n\n");
sb.append("1.推荐一些优秀的文章\n");// \n代表换行
sb.append("2.记录一些美好时刻\n\n");
return sb.toString();
}
/**
* 生成文本消息
*
* @param fromUserName
* @param toUserName
* @param content
* @return
*/
public static TextResponseMessage initTextMessage(String fromUserName, String toUserName, String content) {
TextResponseMessage textResponseMessage = new TextResponseMessage();
textResponseMessage.setFromUserName(fromUserName);
textResponseMessage.setToUserName(toUserName);
textResponseMessage.setMsgType(MessageHandler.MESSAGE_TEXT);
textResponseMessage.setCreateTime(System.currentTimeMillis());
textResponseMessage.setContent(content);
return textResponseMessage;
}
}
结果如下:
5. 获取用户的精度纬度信息
1.首先在接口设置开启经纬度事件(开启之后在用户进入公众号之后会主动拉取用户的位置信息)
2. 处理上报地理位置事件
用户同意上报地理位置后，每次进入公众号会话时，都会在进入时上报地理位置，或在进入会话后每5秒上报一次地理位置，公众号可以在公众平台网站中修改以上设置。上报地理位置时，微信会将上报地理位置事件推送到开发者填写的URL。
推送的XML数据包格式如下：
java处理：
封装工具类：
package cn.qlq.bean.weixin;
/**
* 上报地理位置事件
*
* @author Administrator
*
*/
public class LocationEventMessage extends EventMessage {
/**
* 地理位置纬度
*/
private String Latitude;
/**
* 地理位置经度
*/
private String Longitude;
/**
* 地理位置精度
*/
private String Precision;
public String getLatitude() {
return Latitude;
}
public void setLatitude(String latitude) {
Latitude = latitude;
}
public String getLongitude() {
return Longitude;
}
public void setLongitude(String longitude) {
Longitude = longitude;
}
public String getPrecision() {
return Precision;
}
public void setPrecision(String precision) {
Precision = precision;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "LocationEventMessage [Latitude=" + Latitude + ", Longitude=" + Longitude + ", Precision=" + Precision
+ ", ToUserName=" + ToUserName + ", FromUserName=" + FromUserName + ", CreateTime=" + CreateTime
+ ", MsgType=" + MsgType + ", Event=" + Event + "]";
}
}
修改处理事件消息的代码：(CLICK和VIEW是用于处理自定义菜单事件)
/**
* 处理事件消息(订阅和取消订阅)
*
* @param messageMap
* @return
*/
private static AbstractResponseMessage handleEventMessage(Map
EventMessage message = BeanUtils.map2Bean(messageMap, EventMessage.class, true);
String event = message.getEvent();
if (StringUtils.isNotBlank(event)) {
System.out.println("您接收到事件消息， 事件类型为: " + event);
}
// 关注的时候
if (MESSAGE_SUBSCRIBE.equals(event)) {
System.out.println("这里可以向数据库插入数据");
String responseMsg = MessageUtils.subscribeWelcomeText();
return MessageUtils.initTextMessage(message.getToUserName(), message.getFromUserName(), responseMsg);
}
// 取消关注(不用回传消息.需要将用户产生的数据删除)
if (MESSAGE_SUBSCRIBE.equals(event)) {
System.out.println("这时需要从数据删除 " + message.getFromUserName() + " 用户产生的相关数据");
return null;
}
// 点击自定义的点击菜单事件
if (MESSAGE_EVENT_CLICK.equals(event)) {
ClickViewEventMessage map2Bean = BeanUtils.map2Bean(messageMap, ClickViewEventMessage.class, true);
String eventKey = map2Bean.getEventKey();
String content = "您点击的按钮的key为: " + eventKey;
return MessageUtils.initTextMessage(map2Bean.getToUserName(), map2Bean.getFromUserName(), content);
}
// VIEW菜单的事件
if (MESSAGE_EVENT_VIEW.equals(event)) {
ClickViewEventMessage map2Bean = BeanUtils.map2Bean(messageMap, ClickViewEventMessage.class, true);
String eventKey = map2Bean.getEventKey();
String content = "您点击的按钮跳转的URL为: " + eventKey;
return MessageUtils.initTextMessage(map2Bean.getToUserName(), map2Bean.getFromUserName(), content);
}
// LOCATION菜单的事件
if (MESSAGE_EVENT_LOCATION.equals(event)) {
LocationEventMessage map2Bean = BeanUtils.map2Bean(messageMap, LocationEventMessage.class, true);
String latitude = map2Bean.getLatitude();
String longitude = map2Bean.getLongitude();
String precision = map2Bean.getPrecision();
String content = "您的经度：" + latitude + "， 您的维度：" + longitude + "， 您的精度： " + precision;
return MessageUtils.initTextMessage(map2Bean.getToUserName(), map2Bean.getFromUserName(), content);
}
return null;
}
测试结果：(需要开启GPS才可以触发该事件消息发送)
总结:
(1)回传xml数据格式的数据时，可以用字符串进行拼接，不一定用XStream进行转换
(2)微信回传的消息支持换行，换行符为\n
(3)图文消息是最常见的消息，回传消息的时候注意回传的xml数据格式
完整的代码接收消息与回传消息代码参考:https://github.com/qiao-zhi/springboot-ssm.git
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