绘图的底层实现方法

注意:在drawRect方法中系统会默认创建一个上下文(C语言类型)在其他方法中不会有这样一个上下文(可以自己测试)

@implementation DrawView

//注意,在drawRect方法中系统会默认创建一个上下文(C语言类型)

//在其他方法中不会有这样一个上下文(可以自己测试)

//下面这个方法中的rect参数会传入当前view的frame

- (void)drawRect:(CGRect)rect{

//获取上下文

CGContextRef ctx = UIGraphicsGetCurrentContext();

//或者绘图路径对象(可以了理解为画笔)

UIBezierPath *bezierPath = [UIBezierPath bezierPath];

//绘图

[bezierPath moveToPoint:CGPointMake(50, 50)];

//通过控制点(ControlPoint来改变直线的弧度)

[bezierPath addQuadCurveToPoint:CGPointMake(250, 250) controlPoint:CGPointMake(50, 250)];

[bezierPath addLineToPoint:CGPointMake(250, 20)];

/**********设置上下文的状态***********/

CGContextSetLineWidth(ctx, 10);

CGContextSetLineJoin(ctx, kCGLineJoinRound);

CGContextSetLineCap(ctx, kCGLineCapRound);

//改变路径颜色

[[UIColor redColor] setStroke];

/***********************************/

//把路径添加到上下文

CGContextAddPath(ctx, bezierPath.CGPath);

//渲染上下文(layer)

CGContextStrokePath(ctx);

}

@end

效果图:

绘图底层执行机制.png

绘制图片(简易)

- (void)drawRect:(CGRect)rect{

UIBezierPath *path = [UIBezierPath bezierPathWithRect:CGRectMake(50, 50, 150, 150)];

[[UIColor redColor] setStroke];

[path setLineWidth:10];

[[UIColor yellowColor] setFill];

//fill和stroke必须在绘图的最后一步进行

[path stroke];

[path fill];

}

效果图:

绘制图片2.png

绘图三

- (void)drawRect:(CGRect)rect{

//绘制扇形

CGPoint center = CGPointMake(rect.size.width*0.5, rect.size.height*0.5);

/*arcCenter:扇形圆心

*radius:半径

*clockWise:YES(逆时针),NO(顺时针)

*/

//注意不能位self.center作为扇形的圆形:self.center是以screen的左上角位坐标原点进行绘图

UIBezierPath *path = [UIBezierPath bezierPathWithArcCenter:center radius:100 startAngle:0 endAngle:M_PI_2 clockwise:YES];

[path addLineToPoint:center];

[path closePath];

[path setLineWidth:10];

[[UIColor redColor] setStroke];

[[UIColor yellowColor] setFill];

[path stroke];

[path fill];

//fill方法中,有进行路径的自动关闭,使用了fill有时候可以不使用closePath

}

效果图:

绘图三.png

绘图三

注意

[self setNeedsDisplay];可以重制绘图内容,刷新UI

//ViewController Slider方法

- (IBAction)progressValue:(UISlider *)sender {

NSString *progress = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"%.2f%%",sender.value *100];

self.progressLabel.text = progress;

self.drawView.progressValue = sender.value;

[self.drawView drawRect:self.drawView.frame];

}

//drawView中的方法

- (void)setProgressValue:(CGFloat)progressValue{

_progressValue = progressValue;

[self setNeedsDisplay];

}

- (void)drawRect:(CGRect)rect{

CGPoint center = CGPointMake(rect.size.width*0.5, rect.size.height*0.5);

CGFloat angle = self.progressValue*M_PI*2;

CGFloat endAngle = angle - M_PI_2;

UIBezierPath *path = [UIBezierPath bezierPathWithArcCenter:center radius:rect.size.width*0.5 startAngle:-M_PI_2 endAngle:endAngle clockwise:YES];

[path setLineWidth:10];

[[UIColor redColor] setStroke];

[path stroke];

}

效果图:

下载进度条.gif

绘图四 饼图

@implementation DrawView

- (void)drawRect:(CGRect)rect {

//模拟获取数据

NSArray *numberArr = @[@20,@30,@50,@70];

CGFloat total = 0;

CGPoint center = CGPointMake(rect.size.width*0.5, rect.size.width*0.5);

CGFloat radius = rect.size.width*0.5-10;

for(NSNumber *number in numberArr){

total += number.doubleValue;

}

CGFloat startAngel = 0;

for(NSNumber *number in numberArr){

CGFloat numberValue = number.doubleValue / total *M_PI *2;

[self drawRadiusWith:center WithRadius:radius withStartAngle:startAngel wihtNumber:(CGFloat)numberValue];

startAngel += numberValue;

}

}

- (void)drawRadiusWith:(CGPoint)center WithRadius:(CGFloat)radius withStartAngle:(CGFloat)startAngle wihtNumber:(CGFloat)number{

CGFloat endAngle = startAngle + number;

UIBezierPath *path = [UIBezierPath bezierPathWithArcCenter:center radius:radius startAngle:startAngle endAngle:endAngle clockwise:YES];

[path setLineWidth:5];

[path addLineToPoint:center];

[[self randomColor] setFill];

[path fill];

}

//设置随机颜色

- (UIColor *)randomColor{

CGFloat red = arc4random_uniform(256) / 255.0;

CGFloat blue = arc4random_uniform(256) / 255.0;

CGFloat yellow = arc4random_uniform(256) / 255.0;

return [UIColor colorWithRed:red green:blue blue:yellow alpha:1.0];

}

- (void)touchesBegan:(NSSet *)touches withEvent:(UIEvent *)event{

[self setNeedsDisplay];

}

@end

效果图:

饼图(随机颜色).gif

绘文字

- (void)drawRect:(CGRect)rect {

NSString *str = @"HELLO";

NSMutableDictionary *mutableDict = [NSMutableDictionary dictionary];

mutableDict[NSFontAttributeName] = [UIFont systemFontOfSize:50];

mutableDict[NSForegroundColorAttributeName] = [UIColor blueColor];

mutableDict[NSStrokeColorAttributeName] = [UIColor redColor];

mutableDict[NSStrokeWidthAttributeName] = @5;

NSShadow *shadow = [[NSShadow alloc] init];

shadow.shadowOffset = CGSizeMake(30, 30);

shadow.shadowColor = [UIColor yellowColor];

mutableDict[NSShadowAttributeName] = shadow;

//drawInRect 会匹配内容,绘图适配

[str drawInRect:rect withAttributes:mutableDict];

}

效果图:

绘文字.png

绘图/UIImage/裁剪

- (void)drawRect:(CGRect)rect {

UIImage *image = [UIImage imageNamed:@"folder"];

//这是裁剪区域一定要在绘图前进行设置

UIRectClip(CGRectMake(50, 50, 50, 50));

[image drawAsPatternInRect:rect];

}

效果图:

裁剪:绘图UIImage.png

不再DrawRect中开启位图上下文

注意关闭上下文

- (void)viewDidLoad {

[super viewDidLoad];

UIImage *image = [UIImage imageNamed:@"folder"];

//1.开启一个跟图片原始大小的上下文

//第二个参数opaque:不透明度

UIGraphicsBeginImageContextWithOptions(image.size, NO, 0);

//2.把图片绘制到上下文中

[image drawAtPoint:CGPointZero];

//3.把文字绘制到上下文当中

NSString *str = @"HELLO";

[str drawAtPoint:CGPointMake(10, 20) withAttributes:nil];

//4.把上下文中的所有内容绘制成一张图片

UIImage *newImage = UIGraphicsGetImageFromCurrentImageContext();

//5.手动关闭上下文

UIGraphicsEndImageContext();

self.imageView.image = newImage;

}

@end

效果图类似于微博中的水印

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